Scientific Results

Advanced devices

  • 2024: Partners of the consortium have jointly developed with Northwestern University a three terminal full antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions with a tunneling magnetoresistive value larger than 100% [7. Jiacheng Shi, Sevdenur Arpaci, Victor Lopez-Dominguez, Vinod K. Sangwan, Farzad Mahfouzi, Jinwoong Kim, Jordan G. Athas, Mohammad Hamdi, Can Aygen, Hanu Arava, Charudatta Phatak, Mario Carpentieri, Jidong S. Jiang, Matthew A. Grayson, Nicholas Kioussis, Giovanni Finocchio, Mark C. Hersam, Pedram Khalili Amiri “Electrically Controlled All-Antiferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions on Silicon with Large Room-Temperature Magnetoresistance” Adv. Mater. 36, 2312008, 2024. DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312008. (https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202312008)].
  • 2023: Partners of the consortium have jointly developed with the Suzhou Institute of Nanotech and Nanobionics in China (http://english.sinano.cas.cn/) a two-terminal spintronic amplifier with a record gain larger than 2. [K. Zhu, M. Carpentieri, L. Zhang, B. Fang, J. Cai, R. Verba, A. Giordano, V. Puliafito, B. Zhang, G. Finocchio, Z. Zeng “Nonlinear amplification of microwave signals in spin-torque oscillators” Nature Communications, 14, 2183, 2023. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37916-9. (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-37916-9)].

Network Results

Advanced methodology

Partners of the consortium have jointly developed with the University of California in Santa Barbara (USA) and Northwestern University (USA) innovative probabilistic Ising machines.

[N. A. Aadit, A. Grimaldi, M. Carpentieri, L. Theogarajan, J. M Martinis, G. Finocchio, K. Y. Camsari “Massively Parallel Probabilistic Computing with Sparse Ising Machines”. Nature Electronics, 5, 460–468, 2022. DOI: 10.1038/s41928-022-00774-2 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-022-00774-2 – https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02481)]

[Christian Duffee, Jordan Athas, Yixin Shao, Noraica Davila Melendez, Eleonora Raimondo, Jordan A. Katine, Kerem Y. Camsari, Giovanni Finocchio, Pedram Khalili Amiri “Integrated probabilistic computer using voltage-controlled magnetic tunnel junctions as its entropy source” Nature Electronics, 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41928-025-01439-6 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-025-01439-6 – https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.08017)]. In particular, we have figured out how a simulated quantum annealing energy minimization algorithm combined with a large number of replica can be a scalable approach for facing industrial relevant combinatorial optimization problems and iontrionsically compensate device to device variation in probabilistic spintronics Ising machines. [Eleonora Raimondo, Esteban Garzón, Yixin Shao, Andrea Grimaldi, Stefano Chiappini, Riccardo Tomasello, Noraica Davila-Melendez, Jordan A Katine, Mario Carpentieri, Massimo Chiappini, Marco Lanuzza, Pedram Khalili Amiri, Giovanni Finocchio, “High-performance and reliable probabilistic Ising machine based on simulated quantum annealing“, accepted for publication in Physical Review X August 2025 – https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.13015]

Networking

IT-SPIN has established an Italian consortium working at cutting-edge research in Spintronics. During the three years of the project have been introduced new devices concepts such as sensors and detectors and computational paradigms based on spintronics Ising machines with functionalities that can impact the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence and combinatorial optimization of NP-hard problems. The position of the research in spintronics has been enforced at European level, in Asia, North and South America as can be witness by the papers published.